Multiple Sclerosis: A Review of Disease, Molecular Mechanisms in Th17 Cell Differentiation, and a Case Study

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disorder that affects the functioning of the central nervous system of 2—2.5 million people worldwide. This disease is characterized by the demyelination and damage of nerve cells, which causes physical disability. Multiple sclerosis causes scarring (sclera) of the neurons and leads to misfiring of the neural cells. The sclera causes the general symptoms of MS, which include fatigue, incontinence, and muscle weakness or lack of muscle control (“National Multiple sclerosis Society,” 2013). Multiple sclerosis currently does not have a cure, but there are some disease-modifying medications that have been used to mitigate the daily symptoms of MS(“National Multiple sclerosis Society,” 2013).